This is driven by demand for cassava food products in Africa and for dried cassava and starch for use in livestock feed in Asia. World annual cassava production has increased by approximately 100 million tonnes (1 tonne = 1,000 kg) since 2000. Cassava is the highest supplier of carbohydrates among staple crops and can potentially completely replace maize as an energy source in poultry diets. Such increases in the cost of conventional raw materials have accelerated the demand to find alternative feed resources that can replace a proportion of these products in poultry diets at a lower cost of production. There have been large increases in the prices of some vegetable protein sources as well. In recent years, the cost of maize has increased considerably due to competition with the human food industry, increased production of biofuel and droughts in some parts of Africa from September 2005 to September 2015 maize price increased by 71.16% ( USDA, 2015). This paper reviews the nutrient composition of cassava products and its value as an alternative energy source in poultry diets.
Extensive research has been conducted on cassava products for poultry, but there is still a lack of consistency amongst the measured nutritive values for cassava and its products, hence variation exists in results from poultry studies. With correct processing the inclusion level of cassava in poultry diets could be increased. The utilisation of cassava is, however, limited by a number of factors, including its high fibre and low energy content and the presence of anti-nutritional factors, primarily hydrocyanic acid (HCN). Efficient use of cassava products has been shown to reduce feed costs of poultry production. As a result, cassava is becoming an increasingly important ingredient in poultry diets, largely due to its high availability.
Insufficient supply, high prices and competition with the human food and biofuel industries means there is a continuous demand for alternative energy sources for poultry.
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